SELECT 
  SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS products.product_id, 
  descr1.product as product, 
  companies.company as company_name, 
  products.product_type, 
  products.parent_product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_products as products 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_product_descriptions as descr1 ON descr1.product_id = products.product_id 
  AND descr1.lang_code = 'ar' 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_product_prices as prices ON prices.product_id = products.product_id 
  AND prices.lower_limit = 1 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_companies AS companies ON companies.company_id = products.company_id 
  INNER JOIN cscart_products_categories as products_categories ON products_categories.product_id = products.product_id 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = products_categories.category_id 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_warehouses_sum_products_amount as war_sum_amount ON war_sum_amount.product_id = products.product_id 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND cscart_categories.category_id IN (3, 15, 16) 
  AND companies.status IN ('A', 'S') 
  AND products.company_id = 1 
  AND (
    products.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(0, products.usergroup_ids) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(1, products.usergroup_ids)
  ) 
  AND products.status IN ('A') 
  AND prices.usergroup_id IN (0, 0, 1) 
  AND products.company_id = 1 
  AND products.parent_product_id = 0 
  AND products.product_type != 'D' 
GROUP BY 
  products.product_id 
ORDER BY 
  products.timestamp desc, 
  products.product_id ASC 
LIMIT 
  0, 12

Query time 0.00208

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "5.43"
    },
    "ordering_operation": {
      "using_filesort": true,
      "grouping_operation": {
        "using_temporary_table": true,
        "using_filesort": false,
        "nested_loop": [
          {
            "table": {
              "table_name": "companies",
              "access_type": "system",
              "possible_keys": [
                "PRIMARY"
              ],
              "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
              "rows_produced_per_join": 1,
              "filtered": "100.00",
              "cost_info": {
                "read_cost": "0.00",
                "eval_cost": "0.10",
                "prefix_cost": "0.00",
                "data_read_per_join": "6K"
              },
              "used_columns": [
                "company_id",
                "status",
                "company"
              ]
            }
          },
          {
            "table": {
              "table_name": "cscart_categories",
              "access_type": "range",
              "possible_keys": [
                "PRIMARY",
                "c_status",
                "p_category_id"
              ],
              "key": "PRIMARY",
              "used_key_parts": [
                "category_id"
              ],
              "key_length": "3",
              "rows_examined_per_scan": 3,
              "rows_produced_per_join": 0,
              "filtered": "5.00",
              "index_condition": "(`betaatif_store`.`cscart_categories`.`category_id` in (3,15,16))",
              "cost_info": {
                "read_cost": "2.09",
                "eval_cost": "0.02",
                "prefix_cost": "2.11",
                "data_read_per_join": "412"
              },
              "used_columns": [
                "category_id",
                "usergroup_ids",
                "status",
                "storefront_id"
              ],
              "attached_condition": "(((`betaatif_store`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`betaatif_store`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`betaatif_store`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`betaatif_store`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')) and (`betaatif_store`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)))"
            }
          },
          {
            "table": {
              "table_name": "products_categories",
              "access_type": "ref",
              "possible_keys": [
                "PRIMARY",
                "pt"
              ],
              "key": "PRIMARY",
              "used_key_parts": [
                "category_id"
              ],
              "key_length": "3",
              "ref": [
                "betaatif_store.cscart_categories.category_id"
              ],
              "rows_examined_per_scan": 43,
              "rows_produced_per_join": 6,
              "filtered": "100.00",
              "using_index": true,
              "cost_info": {
                "read_cost": "0.08",
                "eval_cost": "0.65",
                "prefix_cost": "2.83",
                "data_read_per_join": "103"
              },
              "used_columns": [
                "product_id",
                "category_id"
              ]
            }
          },
          {
            "table": {
              "table_name": "products",
              "access_type": "eq_ref",
              "possible_keys": [
                "PRIMARY",
                "status",
                "idx_parent_product_id"
              ],
              "key": "PRIMARY",
              "used_key_parts": [
                "product_id"
              ],
              "key_length": "3",
              "ref": [
                "betaatif_store.products_categories.product_id"
              ],
              "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
              "rows_produced_per_join": 0,
              "filtered": "5.00",
              "cost_info": {
                "read_cost": "1.61",
                "eval_cost": "0.03",
                "prefix_cost": "5.09",
                "data_read_per_join": "1K"
              },
              "used_columns": [
                "product_id",
                "product_type",
                "status",
                "company_id",
                "timestamp",
                "usergroup_ids",
                "parent_product_id"
              ],
              "attached_condition": "((`betaatif_store`.`products`.`parent_product_id` = 0) and (`betaatif_store`.`products`.`company_id` = 1) and ((`betaatif_store`.`products`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`betaatif_store`.`products`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`betaatif_store`.`products`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`betaatif_store`.`products`.`status` = 'A') and (`betaatif_store`.`products`.`product_type` <> 'D'))"
            }
          },
          {
            "table": {
              "table_name": "prices",
              "access_type": "ref",
              "possible_keys": [
                "usergroup",
                "product_id",
                "lower_limit",
                "usergroup_id"
              ],
              "key": "usergroup",
              "used_key_parts": [
                "product_id"
              ],
              "key_length": "3",
              "ref": [
                "betaatif_store.products_categories.product_id"
              ],
              "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
              "rows_produced_per_join": 0,
              "filtered": "99.25",
              "using_index": true,
              "cost_info": {
                "read_cost": "0.08",
                "eval_cost": "0.03",
                "prefix_cost": "5.20",
                "data_read_per_join": "7"
              },
              "used_columns": [
                "product_id",
                "lower_limit",
                "usergroup_id"
              ],
              "attached_condition": "((`betaatif_store`.`prices`.`lower_limit` = 1) and (`betaatif_store`.`prices`.`usergroup_id` in (0,0,1)))"
            }
          },
          {
            "table": {
              "table_name": "war_sum_amount",
              "access_type": "ref",
              "possible_keys": [
                "PRIMARY"
              ],
              "key": "PRIMARY",
              "used_key_parts": [
                "product_id"
              ],
              "key_length": "3",
              "ref": [
                "betaatif_store.products_categories.product_id"
              ],
              "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
              "rows_produced_per_join": 0,
              "filtered": "100.00",
              "using_index": true,
              "cost_info": {
                "read_cost": "0.08",
                "eval_cost": "0.03",
                "prefix_cost": "5.31",
                "data_read_per_join": "5"
              },
              "used_columns": [
                "product_id"
              ]
            }
          },
          {
            "table": {
              "table_name": "descr1",
              "access_type": "eq_ref",
              "possible_keys": [
                "PRIMARY",
                "product_id"
              ],
              "key": "PRIMARY",
              "used_key_parts": [
                "product_id",
                "lang_code"
              ],
              "key_length": "9",
              "ref": [
                "betaatif_store.products_categories.product_id",
                "const"
              ],
              "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
              "rows_produced_per_join": 0,
              "filtered": "100.00",
              "cost_info": {
                "read_cost": "0.08",
                "eval_cost": "0.03",
                "prefix_cost": "5.43",
                "data_read_per_join": "1K"
              },
              "used_columns": [
                "product_id",
                "lang_code",
                "product"
              ]
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}